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HomeDatabaseDashboardTransitionAboutPrivacyTermsProfileGreen ammonia possesses significantly lower energy density compared to natural gas (LNG) and other fossil marine fuels, presenting substantial challenges for onboard storage and operational logistics in shipping.Achieving a 100% electric vehicle (EV) fleet globally would necessitate approximately 12 million tonnes of copper and 1.5 million tonnes of lithium, significantly increasing demand for these critical minerals.National climate pledges under the Paris Agreement currently fall significantly short of the emissions reductions required to limit global warming to 1.5°C, with current policies projected to lead to a much higher temperature increase.Despite being the primary energy source for Earth, changes in solar output have not been the dominant driver of recent global warming; total solar irradiance has shown a slight decrease since the 1970s while global temperatures have risen significantly.Permafrost regions are estimated to store hundreds of gigatons of methane within ice structures as hydrates, representing a significant, low-probability, high-impact tail risk for abrupt climate change.The capital costs for grid-scale battery storage, crucial for reliable solar power integration, have fallen dramatically in the past decade, while the costs associated with physically storing crude oil primarily involve mature infrastructure and market price volatility.Global cloud cover's net effect on warming versus cooling represents the largest source of uncertainty in current climate models, profoundly influencing projections for future climate sensitivity.